Kobzar - Paperback

Shevchenko, Taras: - Taras Shevchenko (1814-1861) was a Ukrainian author and artist. The Kobzar, which he worked on for nearly 25 years, is considered his masterpiece. His works are celebrated worldwide in museums and cultural centres named after him.Shevchenko has a special place in Ukrainian history: his poetry is considered to be a foundation for modern written Ukrainian and for Ukrainian literature. Aside from his literary work, his paintings earned him many awards and a professional title from the Imperial Academy of Arts.Born into serfdom, Shevchenko experienced poverty from an early age. By the age of 11, he had lost both his parents, but before passing away, his father managed to get him an apprenticeship with a deacon, who taught the young boy to read and write. After the death of his parents, Shevchenko was an itinerant worker until the age of fourteen, when he became a house servant with his overlord, Pavel Engelhardt.The boy showed an early talent for art. At 15, he travelled with Engelhardt to St. Petersburg and was given a series of apprenticeships. Eventually, he came to the attention of several prominent intellectuals, including Russia's finest living painter, Karl Briullov, and poet Vasily Zhukovsky, who was the tutor of future Czar Alexander II. They bought Shevchenko's freedom for 2,500 rubles by auctioning off one of Bruillov's portraits of Zhukovsky. In 1838, Shevchenko was accepted into the Imperial Academy of Arts as Briullov's student.The first half of the 1840s is considered propitious for the artist. Having written poetry since 1837, Shevchenko published his first Kobzar in 1840. The collection earned him critical and popular acclaim, and his status as a cultural figure was on the rise. He returned to Ukraine for the first time at the age of 29, travelling extensively for a critical three year period from 1843-45 that resulted in a series of paintings and some of his most penetrating and patriotic verse. In Kyiv, he joined the Cyril and Methodius Brotherhood, a secret organization that advocated the abolition of serfdom and also the right of every Slavic nation to develop its own culture and language. His membership in the Brotherhood, deemed subversive by czarist authorities, as well as his controversial poetry, led to Shevchenko's arrest in 1847. He was then exiled with a military detachment to Orenburg on the edge of the Ural Mountains. Czar Nicholas I personally prohibited Shevchenko from writing or painting.Shevchenko, however, violated the Czar's orders. Such insubordination led to even deeper banishment to the town of Novopetrovsk on the desolate eastern shore of the Caspian Sea. (In honour of the poet, the city was renamed Shevchenko in 1963). His friends, including members of the prominent Tolstoy family, appealed for his release, which finally came in 1857.Shevchenko's health was permanently affected by the ordeal, but his creative output remained strong. In 1860, the Imperial Academy of Arts honoured the artist with a professional academic title. Soon after, his health deteriorated and he died of heart failure on March 10, 1861- seven days before the abolition of serfdom was formally announced.Fedynsky, Peter: - Peter Fedynsky gained translating experience as an international broadcaster with the Ukrainian Service at the Voice of America. During his 34-year career at VOA, Fedynsky hosted a Rock and Roll program transmitted to Soviet Ukraine, wrote a radio series in English on the theory and practice of democracy, and also served for more than 11 years as anchor of Window on America, a weekly TV news magazine in Ukrainian that was the first U.S. Government television program to go on the air overseas.Fedynsky culminated his career in broadcast journalism as VOA Moscow bureau chief and New York TV correspondent. He also translated documents for the U.S. State Department and served as a simultaneous interpreter at high-level meetings between U.S. and Ukrainian officials. In addition, he was a Ukrainian and Russian-speaking guide on two U.S. Information Agency exhibits in Russia, Ukraine, Lithuania and Armenia. Fedynsky was born in Ashland, Pennsylvania to post-war Ukrainian immigrants and grew up in Cleveland, Ohio, where he was active in the local Ukrainian community as a scout leader and human rights activist. He was a German major at Ohio's Bowling Green State University, having spent his sophomore year abroad at the University of Salzburg, Austria.